Adicionando rotas dinâmicas
Essa página aborta o básico / mínimo para configurar os seguintes protocolos de roteamento dinâmico:
- RIP
- EIGRP
- OSPF
Global
Basicamente todo protocolo de roteamento possui o mesmo princípio, através das redes diretamente conectadas e das informações trocadas (enviadas / recebidas) atingir a convergência total. Convergência é o termo usado para dizer que todos os roteadores possuem conhecimento (tabela de roteamento completa) para enviar/encaminhar pacotes para todos da rede (todos que deveriam enviar/receber).
Portanto essa afirmação deixa claro que tudo irá começar pelas rotas diretamente conectadas (tipo C). A maneira como a conversa com os outros roteadores é feita não será abordada nessa página, pois essa possui a intenção de demonstrar apenas o básico para fazer o protocolo de roteamento subir, para maiores informações clique no link do protocolo de roteamento desejado.
Para todos os exemplos abaixo será utilizada as seguintes configurações:
Topologia
Software Utilizado
- GNS3-0.8.4-RC2
Hardware Utilizado
- 2 Roteadores Cisco 2600 (Simulado no GNS3) IOS: c2600-is-mz.122-8.T4.bin
Conexões e Endereçamento
R1
- Serial: 213.0.0.1/24
- Loopback 1: 192.168.10.1/24
R2
- Serial: 213.0.0.2/24
- Loopback 2: 192.168.20.1/24
RIP
R1
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R1#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R1#enable
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 4000000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router rip
R1(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
R1(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 1
R1(config-router)#end
R1#wr
Building configuration...
00:05:21: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console[OK]
R1#
R1#! Fim
R2
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R2#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R2#enable
R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface serial 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
R2(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 2
R2(config-router)#end
R2#wr
Building configuration...
00:05:27: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console[OK]
R2#
R2#! Fim
Testes
- R1
Verificando a tabela de roteamento:
R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 23 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 1, receive any version
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
Serial0/0 1 1 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.10.0
213.0.0.0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback1
Loopback2
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
213.0.0.2 120 00:00:14
Distance: (default is 120)
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R1#ping 192.168.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/4 ms
- R2
Verificando a tabela de roteamento:
R2#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 213.0.0.1, 00:00:02, Serial0/0
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
R2#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due in 27 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, hold down 180, flushed after 240
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Redistributing: rip
Default version control: send version 1, receive any version
Interface Send Recv Triggered RIP Key-chain
Serial0/0 1 1 2
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.20.0
213.0.0.0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback2
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
213.0.0.1 120 00:00:16
Distance: (default is 120)
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R2#ping 192.168.10.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/6/12 ms
Arquivos
EIGRP
R1
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R1#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R1#enable
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 4000000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router eigrp 13
R1(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
R1(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 1
R1(config-router)#end
R1#wr
Building configuration...
00:30:14: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console[OK]
R1#
R1#! Fim
R2
R2#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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R2#! Acesse blog.ragazzid.com.br
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R2#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R2#enable
R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface serial 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#router eigrp 13
R2(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
R2(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 2
R2(config-router)#end
R2#wr
Building configuration...
00:30:23: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console[OK]
R2#
R2#! Fim
Testes
- R1
Verificando a tabela de roteamento
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
D 192.168.20.0/24 [90/2297856] via 213.0.0.2, 00:00:34, Serial0/0
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 13"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 13
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Automatic address summarization:
192.168.10.0/24 for Serial0/0
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.10.0
213.0.0.0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
213.0.0.2 90 00:01:07
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R1#ping 192.168.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/8 ms
R1#
Verificando a vizinhança do EIGRP
R1#sh ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 13
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq Type
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 213.0.0.2 Se0/0 14 00:03:56 4 200 0 2
Verificando a tabela de topologia (inteira)
R1#show ip eigrp topology all-links
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(13)/ID(192.168.10.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 192.168.10.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256, serno 1
via Connected, Loopback1
P 192.168.20.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856, serno 3
via 213.0.0.2 (2297856/128256), Serial0/0
P 213.0.0.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856, serno 2
via Connected, Serial0/0
- R2
Verificando a tabela de roteamento
R2#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D 192.168.10.0/24 [90/2297856] via 213.0.0.1, 00:07:13, Serial0/0
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
R2#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 13"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 13
Automatic network summarization is in effect
Automatic address summarization:
192.168.20.0/24 for Serial0/0
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.20.0
213.0.0.0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback2
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
213.0.0.1 90 00:00:30
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R2#ping 192.168.10.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/4 ms
Verificando a vizinhança do EIGRP
R2#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 13
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq Type
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
0 213.0.0.1 Se0/0 10 00:02:18 1154 5000 0 2
Verificando a tabela de topologia (inteira)
R2#show ip eigrp topology all-links
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(13)/ID(192.168.20.1)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 192.168.10.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2297856, serno 3
via 213.0.0.1 (2297856/128256), Serial0/0
P 192.168.20.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 128256, serno 1
via Connected, Loopback2
P 213.0.0.0/24, 1 successors, FD is 2169856, serno 2
via Connected, Serial0/0
Arquivos
OSPF
R1
R1#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R1#! Criado por RagazziD.com.br
R1#! Acesse ragazzid.com.br
R1#! Acesse blog.ragazzid.com.br
R1#! Acesso estudo.ragazzid.com.br
R1#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R1#enable
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 4000000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface loopback 1
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#router ospf 13
R1(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 1
R1(config-router)#end
R1#wr
Building configuration...
00:46:04: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console[OK]
R1#
R1#! Fim
R2
R2#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R2#! Criado por RagazziD.com.br
R2#! Acesse ragazzid.com.br
R2#! Acesse blog.ragazzid.com.br
R2#! Acesso estudo.ragazzid.com.br
R2#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
R2#enable
R2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface serial 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 213.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface loopback 2
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#router ospf 47
R2(config-router)#network 213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#passive-interface loopback 2
R2(config-router)#end
R2#wr
Building configuration...
00:46:04: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
00:46:05: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
00:46:08: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 47, Nbr 192.168.10.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done[OK]
R2#
R2#! Fim
Testes
- R1
Verificando a tabela de roteamento
R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
192.168.20.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.20.1 [110/65] via 213.0.0.2, 00:00:34, Serial0/0
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
Routing Protocol is "ospf 13"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.10.1
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.1 110 00:00:55
192.168.20.1 110 00:00:55
Distance: (default is 110)
Verificando o OSPF database
R1#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.10.1) (Process ID 13)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
192.168.10.1 192.168.10.1 83 0x80000002 0xB059 3
192.168.20.1 192.168.20.1 79 0x80000002 0x9D57 3
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R1#ping 192.168.20.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.20.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/8 ms
R1#
- R2
Verificando a tabela de roteamento
R2#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.10.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.10.1 [110/65] via 213.0.0.1, 00:01:38, Serial0/0
C 213.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
Verificando o estado do protocolo de roteamento dinâmico
R2#sh ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "ospf 47"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Router ID 192.168.20.1
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
213.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback2
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.10.1 110 00:01:47
192.168.20.1 110 00:01:47
Distance: (default is 110)
Verificando o OSPF database
R2#show ip ospf database
OSPF Router with ID (192.168.20.1) (Process ID 47)
Router Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
192.168.10.1 192.168.10.1 138 0x80000002 0xB059 3
192.168.20.1 192.168.20.1 134 0x80000002 0x9D57 3
Testando a conexão com o PING (ICMP)
R2#ping 192.168.10.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.10.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/8 ms
R2#
Arquivos
Category:Roteamento Category:Rotas Category:Cisco Category:Redes Category:Firewall Category:Roteador